作者：王 (托福听力、雅思阅读组)，北京新航道学校主讲师资。美国特拉华大学会计学硕士。留学规划、英语教育资源研究。擅长阅读速读、词汇速记教学，能帮助学员提分，授课风趣幽默。为人谦和，条理性极强，爱好阅读，美国学习和生活的丰富经历，使其深谙北美文化，渊博的知识才华让你不只受益于雅思托福学习。

　　托福听力如何听取举例信息?Lecture中，当老师提出一个观点时，为避免说话内容的空洞抽象，经常会用不少例证对观点作进一步佐证及阐释，让说话内容具体详实。

　　此类举例在托福听力中频繁出现，也是常见的考点。那么在Lecture中听到了举例，例子会被如何考察呢?我们先来看一看TPO中的举例是如何被提问的：

　　TPO20 Lecture1 Question4

　　Why does the professor describe a letter of recommendation?

　　TPO20 Lecture3 Question3

　　How is the story of the bear and the fox characteristic of Norwegian animal stories?

　　TPO42 Lecture4 Question 2

　　Why does the professor talk about a car rental agency?

　　TPO42 Lecture4 Question 3

　　Why does the student mention his experience at a hotel in Chicago?

　　TPO42 Lecture4 Question 5

　　What point does the professor make when she mentions a fast-food restaurant?

　　通过总结真题，我们发现，这类题压倒性的考法是：考察举这个例子的目的。

　　所以此类型题目容易预判。一旦听到举例，本能去捕捉和思考举例的目的即可。听出了举例的目的，正确答案自然也就出现了。

　　那么举例的目的有哪些?我们又能够从什么位置听出来呢?

　　看一个实例：

　　TPO2 Lecture2 Question4

　　Why does the professor mention the Golden Gate Bridge?

　　a) To demonstrate a disadvantage of steel cables

　　b) To given an example of the creative use of color

　　c) To show that steel cables are able to resist salt water

　　d) To give an example of a use of Manila Hemp

　　原文：

　　In fact, by the early 1940s, even though steel cables were available, most ships in the United States Navy were not moored with steel cables; they were moored with Manila Hemp ropes. Now, why was that? Well, the main reason was that steel cables degrade very, very quickly in contact with salt water. (这句话中高亮的2个短语句，是典型的“解释原因”的考点的标志)

　　论点句main reason之后，紧跟Golden Gate Bridge这个例子：

　　If you’ve ever been to San Francisco, you know that the Golden Gate Bridge is red. And it’s red because of the zinc based paint that goes on those stainless steel cables. That, if they start at one end the bridge and they work to the other end, by the time they finish, it’s already time to go back and start painting the beginning of the bridge again.

　　Because the bridge was built with steel cables, and steel cables can’t take the salt air unless they’re treated repeatedly with a zinc-based paint.

　　例子结束之后，这句Because观点句再次重申上文提到的main reason。

　　例子的前的main reason观点句，和例子后的because观点句，都在说明同一个意思：就是钢筋在海水中容易被腐蚀。所以这道题目的正确答案，各位看官应该已经了然于胸。

　　总结：

　　当在Lecture中听到老师举例时，立即建立对其接下来讲话内容的预判，而不是集中精力记录例子的情节和各种琐碎细节。当描述完例子，出现总结性的语句时，集中精力听懂总结性语句，并且适当地做笔记。

　　通过对大量听力真题原文的分析和总结，我们发现在情况下，被考察到的举例目的题对应的原文往往有的特征：讲话人会在提出观点后进行举例，举例结束以后往往会以某种方式引起听众的注意，接下来进行总结。而讲座中“老师试图引起听众的注意”从某种程度上来说可以理解为“出题人试图引起考生的注意”，相当于给出一个出题信号。当我们经过训练，能足够敏感地捕捉到这些信号时，就降低了遗漏重要信息的几率。