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发布时间:2012-08-16 关键词:托福语法汇编52讲(No.33)
摘要:托福语法汇编52讲(No.33)
北京新航道为考生提供托福考试的考前及考试指导。我们都知道,语法对于应学习来说是重点也是难点,这关系到另一种语言的正确理解和实用。可以说语法是英语学习的脉络。在托福考试,经常会因为语法问题而出错,考生为此很头疼。搞不明白就读不懂题,做不好题,写不好文章。那么,如何突破托福语法难关,取得理想的成绩呢。下面我们就和考生一起来看一些语法题,通过题来巩固语法知识。帮助考生攻克托福语法难关。
独立主格结构
独立主格结构是介于分词和主谓句之间的非谓语形式,对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致,而独立主格则在很大程度上克服了这一局限性
1、主要特征
(1) 独立主格是含有主语的分词结构,分词与主语间是主谓关系,
基本形式为:主语+现在分词或过去分词
如:his heart bleeding
the baby crying
the project completed
The school being over, the street was full of the students.
= When the school was over, the street was full of the students.
(2)切记独立主格不等同于主谓结构,
比较:my mind wandering (独立主格);
My mind was wandering (主谓结构)
(3)独立主格的主语和句子主语不一致
如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn't utter a word. (独立主格)
对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致:
Filling his mouth with water, he couldn't utter a word.
2. 在句子中的作用
独立主格结构通常在句中表示时间、条件,原因、伴随状态等
如:The film being over, we had a stroll on the nearby street. (时间)
Weather permitting, I will go fishing with my family. (条件)
Time pressing, they had to work overtime. (原因)
The leaves rustling in the breeze, I roamed on the country road. (伴随)
例题:
(1)
----modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.
(A) If
(B) But
(C) With
(D)Once
答案:C
解释:句中主干完整, 主语是designers, 谓语是are attempting, 之后是不定式构成的宾语. 空白后 becoming 采取分词形式, modern offices是becoming的逻辑主语, 因此可确定需填入的词会与原句构成独立主格结构, 而不是从句, A B D可一次性排除, 其实此句除去空白处, 已是完整的句子, 类似句子如: The man entered the room, his hair flying in the air.
注意: 表示伴随状态的独立主格结构通常可以由with引导, 如本例题.
上面就是北京新航道小编为大家整理出来的关于语法问题的详细讲解,打击要结合题目,付诸于时间于理论,相信通过做题和总结,语法不再会是难题了。祝大家考试顺利。
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