背词汇虽然很枯燥，但是为了打好托福考试的基础，我们不得不坚持下去，而且相信养成好的习惯，也就不会那么艰难了。正所谓熟能生巧，大家要学会思考技巧和方法。今天，请看北京新航道托福频道为大家精选的第二组托福重点词汇。

　　1、sentence, n

　　1)n

　　[C] (grammar) largest unit of grammar, usu containing a subject, a verb, an object, etc and expressing a statement, question or command 句子; 句.

　　[C, U] (law 律) (statement of the) punishment given by a lawcourt 判决; 宣判; 判刑: The judge passed/pronounced sentence (on the prisoner), ie said what his punishment would be. 法官宣布了(对犯人的)判决.

　　例：She has served her sentence, and will nowbe released. 她已服刑期满, 现即将获释.

　　例：under sentence of death, ie to be officially killed as a punishment 判处死刑

　　例：a sentence of ten years' imprisonment 十年监禁之刑.

　　2)sentence v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t]

　　~ sb (to sth) state that sb is to have a certain punishment 判决; 宣判: sentence a thief to six months' imprisonment 判处窃贼六个月监禁

　　例：He has been sentenced to pay a fine of 1000. 他被判罚款1000英镑.

　　例：(fig 比喻) a crippling disease which sentenced him to a lifetime in a wheelchair 把他终生束缚在轮椅上的残疾.

　　2、pattern　/ ˈpætn; ˋpætɚn/ n

　　arrangement of lines, shapes, colours, etc, esp as a decorative design on clothes, carpets, wallpaper, etc 图案, 花样, 式样(尤指衣物﹑ 地毯﹑ 壁纸等的)

　　a checked, flowery, Paisley pattern 格子的﹑花卉的﹑佩斯利涡旋纹的图案

　　eg：What a pretty pattern! 多漂亮的图案哪!

　　eg：She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it. 她穿着有玫瑰花图案的连衣裙.

　　(a) (often in compounds 常用以构成复合词) model, design or instructions from which sth is to be made (据以制作某物的)模型, 样式, 说明

　　a knitting/sewing pattern 编织[缝纫]样式

　　a paper pattern, ie a set of pieces of paper that show the shapes of the various parts of a garment 纸样(缝制衣服用的).

　　(b) piece of wood used to make a mould for casting metal (用以制造铸模的)木模, 模型.

　　sample of cloth or some other material (布等的)样品

　　a book of tweed patterns 粗花呢样品簿.

　　way in which sth happens, moves, develops or is arranged 模式; 方式; 形式

　　patterns of behaviour/behaviour patterns 行为模式

　　the pattern of economic decline in Britain 英国经济衰退的形式

　　the pattern of events which led up to the war 导致战争的事件发展状况

　　eg：These sentences all have the same grammatical pattern. 这些句子的语法模式都相同.

　　eg：The murders all seem to follow a set pattern, ie occur in a similar way. 这些谋杀案似乎都为同一手法.

　　excellent example; model 模范; 典范; 榜样

　　eg：This company’s profit-sharing scheme set a pattern which others followed. 这家公司的利润分成计画已成为各公司的样板.

　　2)pattern v [Tn.pr] ~ oneself/sth on sb/sth imitate sb/sth; model sth on sth 模仿某人[某事物]; 按某模型仿造某物

　　eg：He patterns himself upon his father. 他模仿父亲.来源：北京新航道托福培训

　　eg：Her ideas are patterned on Trotsky’s. 她的思想是仿效托洛茨基的.

　　patterned adj decorated with a pattern 有图案装饰的; 带花样的

　　patterned china, fabric, wallpaper 有图案的瓷器﹑ 织物﹑ 壁纸.

　　pattern-maker n

　　person who makes patterns in an engineering factory 制模工; 翻砂工.

　　pattern-shop n

　　room in a factory where patterns are made 制模车间.

　　3、instrument　/ˈɪnstrumənt; ˋɪnstrəmənt/ n

　　implement or apparatus used in performing an action, esp for delicate or scientific work 器具; 器械; 仪器

　　a surgicalinstrument, eg a scalpel 外科器械(如手术刀)

　　an opticalinstrument, eg a microscope 光学仪器(如显微镜)

　　instruments of torture 刑具.

　　apparatus for producing musical sounds, eg a piano, violin, flute or drum 乐器(如钢琴﹑ 小提琴﹑ 笛或鼓)

　　learning to play an instrument 学习演奏乐器

　　the instruments of the orchestra 演奏管弦乐的乐器.

　　measuring device giving information about the operation of an engine, etc or in navigation (发动机等或航海﹑ 航空中用的)测量仪器, 仪表

　　a ship’s instruments 船用测量仪器

　　[attrib 作定语] an instrument panel 仪表盘.

　　(a) ~ of sb/sth person used and controlled by another person, organization, etc, often without being aware of it 受人利用或控制的人(常为不自觉的)

　　eg：We humans are merely the instruments of fate. 我们人类只不过是天命的工具.

　　(b) ~ of sth person or thing that brings sth about 促成某事的人或物

　　eg：The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall. 他创建起来的组织到头来却成为促使他倒台的根本原因了.

　　~ (of sth) formal (esp legal) document 正式的(尤指合法的)文件﹑文书

　　eg：The king signed the instrument of abdication. 国王签署了逊位的文告.

　　2)instrumentation / ˏɪnstrumenˈteɪʃn; ˏɪnstrəmɛnˋteʃən/n [U]

　　1 arrangement of music for instruments 为器乐的 编曲

　　eg：The instrumentation is particularly fine. 这首器乐曲编得特别细致.

　　2 instruments (instrument 3) 测量仪器; 仪表

　　monitoring the spacecraft’s instrumentation 监控宇航器的检测仪表.

　　上面就是今天要大家掌握和学习第二组托福重点词汇，希望考生不在于记得多，但是要记得准记得精，预祝各位考生都能够夺得桂冠，实现自己的梦想。

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