两类雅思写作开头段要素
2013/07/0502:38关键词：两类雅思写作开头段要素
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大家都知道写作部分的开头段是尤为重要的，同学苦苦思寻的往往也并不理想，可能是因为大家没有掌握正确的方法，开头段的写作是有一些要素需要大家注意的，下面北京新航道的老师为大家讲解。
要素一：现象句
雅思写作考题中会出现一个社会现象，考生的任务就是在自己文章的句话将之改写，重述这个社会现象。
E.g.1
Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish.Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?
It is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week.
套句+同义词替换：more and more= a large amount of
E.g.2
Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old.Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible.
What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age?
In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven.
主被动之间的转换：should be allowed to stay at home = start their primary school
同义词的替换：until they are six or seven years old = at the age of six or seven
E.g.3
In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this.
It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school.
主被动之间的转换，以及同义替换：finish high school = graduate from high school
所以，从上文中可以看出，一般来说，现象句会在最开始加上一个套句，并且加上地点和时间。
雅思大作文开头段经典套句：
1.It is true that......是真实的
2.I tend to agree that… 我同意…
3.It is quite common… …是常见的
4.There is no doubt that… …是毫无疑问的
5.There is no denying that… …是毫无疑问的
6.It is undeniable that… …是毫无疑问的
地点：in many places; in many countries; in many big cities; almost every country/ city/ place
时间：in recent decades/ years; today; these days; recently; nowadays
要素二：点到问题
雅思大作文考题分成两种：report & argumentative。
对于report(题目一般会涉及到why do you think it is important to…; how do you think people can tackle this problem.)
E.g.4
In many countries schools have severe problems with student behavior.
What do you think are the cause of this?
What solutions can you suggest?
Poor student behavior seems to be increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.
点到了causes--直接把原因泛泛的带领出来，全文的第二段再开始慢慢细致的描述。
E.g.5
Happiness is considered to be very important in life.
Why is it difficult to define?
What factors are important in achieving happiness?
Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people.While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships.Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness.
点到了why difficult--通过引用两组不同人的观点，把造成这个现象的原因大致导出，与上一个例子有异曲同工之妙。
对于argumentative(do you agree or disagree? ; discuss both views and give your opinion.; is it a positive or negative development?)，这种题型基本上都问了作者的观点，所以在开头段落的描写过程中没什么特别大的区别。
E.g.6
Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children.
Do you agree or disagree?
I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer every day.
改写题目+主动变被动：have more negative than positive effects on = can be negatively affected by
直接表达自己的观点：I tend to agree that
E.g.7
Some people feel that entertainers (e.g.film stars, pop musicians or sports stars) are paid too much money.
Do you agree or disagree?
Which other types of job should be highly paid?
I agree with the view that stars in the entertainment business are usually over paid.This is true whether we are considering stars of film, sport or popular music, and it often seems that the amount of money they are able to earn in as short time cannot possibly be justified by the amount of work they do.
现象+观点
E.g.8
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
What other measures do you think might be effective?
There is no doubt that traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere.Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
上面就是北京新航道老师介绍的一些要素，对一些在写作部分比较欠缺的考生掌握正确的方法尤为重要，大家在雅思写作考试中要注意运用，雅思写作部分并不是很难，只要掌握了正确的备考方式，相信在考试中会取得好成绩。
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