本文作者：任静，北京新航道学校托福教师，主讲托福听力，阅读，写作，GRE数学，SAT2生物。

　　生物专业，收到美国“CMU” “UGA”毒理学PhD. 全奖OFFER。曾就职于美资企业药明康德担任生物医药研发工程师。

　　拥有多年丰富英语教育培训经验，擅长段落逻辑，考点、核心词把控，从词汇--语法--中英思维差异(输入、输出)--考点梳理--考题预判入手，学生英语能力。多位阅读满分、听力、写作27+学员学员，真正帮助学生实现、高能的梦想。

　　论绝大多数中国考生托福四科中最强大的科目，非阅读莫属。

　　然而考生的阅读上20-23容易却很难继续，还有一部分考生阅读上了25却不稳定，那不同的情况到底如何突破?!

　　1. 我们先来解决一个常见的误解，也是被无数学生问及的问题：

　　Student：“我不背单词是不是依然可以做对题?”

　　Me：“是也不是”

　　有的学生过于依赖解题技巧，而忽略了阅读的基础，阅读的解题肯定是有技巧的，因为它主要考察的目的是基于大家今后的学习中必然需要阅读大量的文献，那么详略得当的阅读技能是必须的，这也是咱们阅读技巧的“宗旨”。

　　但是!随着2017年ETS阅读进一步难度的，弱化技巧，再加上技巧都是应用在能读懂主要内容的基础上。Therefore，I cannot stress this strongly enough-- 背单词!

　　最后补一刀：在背单词上，请别对自己太“宽容”!

　　2. 问题又来了，背哪本!

　　Student：“市面上单词书太多了，背哪本?”

　　Me：“哪本都可以，背完就好，千万别只背到e!”

　　首推的是新航道的这本“新托福真词汇”里面的单词从“基础词汇”到“托福学科专有词汇”全部囊括，有效的避免学生出现的词汇量“断层”现象。

　　Student：“只背这一本还会有不认得单词吗?”

　　Me：“会! 背哪本都会，除非去背韦氏大辞典!”

　　背单词我们最讲求的便是“速战速决”不要想着花2-3个月的时间慢慢过单词，你会乏!完成基础单词的背诵，我们便可以开始进入TPO阅读的练习，在练习中积累单词--背诵也不失为一种有效的方法。

　　3. 啃完了单词，句子却生无可恋~

　　Student：“我的单词背的七七八八了，可是句子仍然读的慢，甚至看不懂!”

　　Me：“看句子要抓主要结构，抓语义，而非一词一词的去看。”

　　阅读的句子为了保证严谨性，会在每句话中增添一些定语，状语，同位语，然而对于整篇文章的阅读没有任何理解性的帮助，却干扰了考生对句子主干的识别以及延长了对一句话的理解时间。这就好像TPO一篇心理学听力的文章说的一样，把你的大脑想成一条highroad，过多的信息量承载，肯定会造成交通拥堵，处理时间减慢，而抓住主干，过滤掉辅助信息的能力是必须的。

　　For example, some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them, nevertheless, they retained as parts of their oral tradition myths that had growth up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.

　　以这句为例那么所谓的重点和主干在哪里呢??

　　For example, some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them, nevertheless, they retained as parts of their oral tradition myths that had growth up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.

　　除了高亮部分，其余都是用来补充句子严谨性的非重要信息，因此练好抓取核心内容的能力才是王道，不要再在冗余信息上浪费了你的时间。

　　此外，考生在翻译的时候习惯一词一词的翻译，翻译不通就原地停住再翻译，然而当我们把句子切割成很细碎的单词时，你所丢掉的不仅仅是你的效率，还有整个语义(整个词组)的含义。

　　总而言之打基础的时候，单独有一份针对于托福TPO阅读，真题的长难句资料是重要的，来New Channel 老师带为你细数不同长句的种种“罪状”!

　　4. 阅读分科突击

　　最后，尤其对于大学生考生，文理科的思路基本定型，那么针对于文科，社科，理科的阅读篇章应该如何解决呢?

　　文科Student：“文科的文章很简单，内容原来课上都介绍过一些，而且不像理科的阅读--生词，专有名词太多了!”

　　理工科Student：“理科的文章思路清晰，但是文科社科类的文章思路很混乱，抓不到主要内容!”

　　Me：“建议学文科的学生在做理科阅读之前先积累的学科词汇，如生物、天文、化学等，相比于听力的学科单词，阅读的学科分类已经缩减了;理科阅读每个段落的主要内容也清晰，如：Topic Sentence先给出一个Theory，后续会给出相应的Explain Sentence，Example，部分文章类型还会在段尾加入Disadvantage来推翻段首给出的Theory，为下一段做好铺垫。”

　　Paragraph 2: Traditionally, it was believed that the transition to agriculture was the result of a worldwide population crisis. It was argued that once hunter-gatherers had occupied the whole world, the population started to grow everywhere and food became scarce; agriculture would have been a solution to this problem. We know, however, that contemporary hunter-gatherer societies control their population in a variety of ways. The idea of a world population crisis is therefore unlikely, although population pressure might have arisen in some areas.(TPO21)

　　Me:“人文类文章段落容易给人感觉混乱，我们可以配合着记笔记来抓住文章的主线。”

　　The earliest ceramics were fired to earthenware temperatures, but as early as the fifteenth century B.C., high-temperature stonewares were being made with glazed surfaces. During the Six Dynasties period (AD 265-589), kilns in north China were producing high-fired ceramics of good quality. Whitewares produced in Hebei and Henan provinces from the seventh to the tenth centuries evolved into the highly prized porcelains of the Song dynasty (AD. 960-1279), long regarded as one of the high points in the history of China's ceramic industry. The tradition of religious sculpture extends over most historical periods but is less clearly delineated than that of stonewares or porcelains, for it embraces the old custom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images and architectural ornament. Ceramic products also include lead-glazed tomb models of the Han dynasty, three-color lead-glazed vessels and figures of the Tang dynasty, and Ming three-color temple ornaments, in which the motifs were outlined in a raised trail of slip—as well as the many burial ceramics produced in imitation of vessels made in materials of higher intrinsic value.

　　Earliest：Earthenware ---(T)stonewares(glaze)---whitewares(Song--high point)

　　Sculpture (old + later) < stonewares + porcelains

　　Han(lead glazed tomb) --- Tang( 3-color vessel+figure) --- Ming(3-color temple)