杜老师：2012年雅思写作上半年总结及下半年备考策略

　　【师资简介】杜老师：北京新航道学校雅思写作、雅思口语主讲。东北大学英语专业学士, 拥有地道纯正的美式口语, 深厚的英语语言功底。多年从事英语教育培训工作并为大型会议、政府官员提供交传、同声传译服务。其针对雅思口语、雅思写作教学提出的“换位”学习法，即从考官的角度审视、备战雅思考试，程度的捕捉雅思考试得分点，有效的帮助考生锁定考点、有的放矢的进行突破并从语言本身学员的英语口语、写作能力。

　　在2012年1月至6月的23场雅思考试中，作文部分整体难度系数稳定，本文将从题源，话题及题型三方面对Task 2考题进行分析总结并为广大考生提出相应备考策略。此外，文章还将对Task 1考题进行题型分析总结并提出相应备考策略。

　　一、2012上半年雅思写作Task 2总结

　　(一)题源分析

　　从题源的角度来看，大部分题目是以前题库题目的重现或调整之后的重考，两者相加占上半年总考题数量的83%(19道)，这些题目在新航道内部讲义及教材中基本都能找到原题分析及相关范文(具体可参考《雅思写作考试法宝教程》及《新航道雅思精华讲义》)。在17%(4道)的新题中多数题目也与之前的考题有着或多或少的联系，其中多数题目只是讨论角度的改变及翻新。

　　(二)话题分析

　　从话题的角度上看，考查次数最多的是社会问题(11道)占题目总量的48%，包括年轻人与老年人相关问题的讨论(3道)、个人生活及选择问题【工作与生活的平衡(1道)、求职(1道)、邻里间的交流(1道)未来与现在的重要性(1道)及新话题抱负与成功的关系(1道)】犯罪预防(1道)、动物问题(1道)、食品问题(1道);媒体其次(4道)占了总题目数量的17%，包括新闻媒体相关问题讨论(3道)及广告的影响(1道)。其次还考查了文化艺术类题目(2道)和国际关系类题目(2道)分别占总题目数量的9%，以及旅游类题目(1道)。值得注意的是以往重点考查话题教育、科技类题目分别只出现了1道、2道，仅占了题目总量的13%。更值得引起关注的是有别于以往考试出题规律，环境类题目还没有出现考题。

　　(三)题型分析

　　从题型的角度上来看，17道题目为Argumentation类题型，其中一个观点讨论类题目为11道，两个观点讨论类题目为5道，利弊讨论类题目为1道，总体上占了74%的比例。另外还有3道Report(即现象事件分析)类题型，3道综合类题型(即Argumentation和Report类题型综合考察)。

　　二、2012下半年雅思写作Task 2备考策略

　　2012年上半年的考试题目基本延续了往年的既有模式，只要广大考生按部就班、全面准备，即可确保万无一失。为此，我们建议正在备考的同学们做到以下几点：

　　(一) 结合题库“母题”全面准备常考话题解题思路

　　首先，考生应做到熟练掌握题库“母题”常涉及话题的解题思路，即教育类、环境类、科技类、社会类、政府类、媒体类、旅游类、文化艺术类、国际关系类等话题，并整理出相关话题解题方法，做到能够从“Ideas and Logic”方面从容应对考题，争取写作时间。

　　(二) 结合题库“母题”熟练常见考试题型

　　其次，考生应熟练处理常见三大考试题型，即Argumentation, Report, 综合类题目，分析总结不同题型的审题方法及文章结构特点，做到直接、全面处理题目涉及的问题并能够合理的安排文章结构。

　　(三) 以(一)、(二)为基础学习、背诵相关段落及范文

　　然后，考生定要注意语言方面的积累，以常考话题及题型为基础，选择适合自己的文章、段落进行语言方面的学习，重点积累常见句型、话题相关的表达方式，注意谓语动词、时态及语态的学习。

　　(四) 以(一)、(二)、(三)为基础，大量练习、模拟考场写作

　　最后，考生需对前面三点进行大量练习。注意选择多种话题、题型，尽量应用(三)中准备的语言进行写作。可根据个人情况，开始时适当延长写作时间再逐渐缩短所需时间，并且要保证足量的考试模拟限时写作练习。 如写作中出现问题，再回到前三步进行查缺补漏。

　　推荐练习题:

　　1. Some people think government should pay for education and health care. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　2. Some people believe that the government should pay the course fees for everyone who wants to study at university. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　3. Some people believe that unpaid community works (e.g. working in a charity organization; teaching sports to children) should become a compulsory part of high school curriculum. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　4. Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both views and give your opinion

　　5. In which areas of education do you think computers are more important and in which areas do you think teachers are more important? Discuss and explain why?

　　6. Many young people today leave school with a negative attitude towards learning. Why do you think this is happening? What can be done to encourage a positive attitude to learning in young people?

　　7. An increase in the production of consumer goods results in the damage to the natural environment. Why is this the case? What can be done to solve this problem?

　　8. Many people think it is important to protect the environment, but they make no effort on it themselves. Why is it the case? What can we do to change the situation?

　　9. Environmental problems are too big for individual countries and individual people to address. We have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is at the international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

　　10. Some people think that the increase of cheap air travel has brought about many benefits while others argue that this development has its drawbacks to the world’s environment and resources. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

　　11. A different range of technology available increases the gap between the rich and the poor. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　12. Some people think space research is a waste of money; instead, government should spend the money on lives of people on earth. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　13. Some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people will be able to see historical objects and works by using computers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　14. Some people think it is not right for the government to spend so much money on artistic projects such as galleries and sculptures. What is your opinion on this issue?

　　15. As increasing number of developing countries are expanding their tourist industries. Why do you think it is the case and do you think it is a positive trend?

　　16. In many countries, women are not able to join in the army to share equal basis with men but some people think that men should be the member of the army, navy and air force only. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　17. Should we invent a new language for people from different countries to use for the international communication? Do you think there are more benefits or more problems with it?

　　18. Some information in films, books and on the Internet has bad influence on young people and even on society. Some think such information should be controlled. What is your opinion on this issue?

　　19. The high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of the advertising but not the real need of the whole society in which they sell. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

　　20. Some people think we are more independent of each other in the world now, while others suppose that we are more dependent of each other. Discuss both views and give your reasons.

　　三、2012上半年雅思写作Task 1总结及下半年备考策略

　　2012年上半年雅思写作Task 1考题跟往年相比没有太大变化，其中数据类小作文占题目总量的91%(共21道)，其中柱状图为7道，线形图为6道，表格为4道，饼状图为3道及1道混合图;非数据类小作为占题目总量的19%(共2道)分别为1道地图题和1道流程图。

　　我们建议考生从以下几个方面复习Task 1：

　　1. 按图形分别准备4类数据类图表作文及混合图，注意线形图描述区间的选择及整体趋势的把握，柱状图、饼状图及表格的图形动态或静止的判断及其数据分析、比较。针对数据类图形考生们应注意三方面的复习内容：多种重点信息的选取、图形描述的逻辑结构(即主体段落的写作逻辑)、表达方式及时态、语态的准确性及多样化。

　　2. 重视地图题和流程图，从剑桥真题及历年真题中选择典型题目，仔细研究其范文，并总结写作思路和表达方式。

　　3. 重视限时模考练习，完全按照考试状态，严格限定考试时间，每种题型最少练习两篇。注意可根据个人情况，将学习过的题目和新题交替练习。

　　最后，在这里再次提醒广大考生，雅思写作备考最有效的方法其实就是结合自己的实际情况，有计划、脚踏实地进行复习。切勿盲目相信所谓的“模版”、“词汇”，考试的准备过程即是英语学习、英语实际水平的过程，让我们一起铭记的获取其实与高能力的获取是一致的!

　　“Beauty imitate is beauty created!”这句英语学习的至理名言送给在为雅思奋斗、更为自己出国梦奋斗着的广大考生们。

　　(北京新航道学校稿件，转载请注明出处)