请翻到《新托福写作真经6》的Page 248

　　下文以【立场：Agree】为例，示范essay的body部分，主要学习“驳论”这一论证套路。

　　写作范文

　　Introduction

　　Paraphrase的简单技巧：把题目给出的句子的宾语挪至主语位置 → Technologies – computers and smart phones as the typical – have occupied our children’s time. As a result, too many of our children stay in the indoors or stare at the screens all day long, ← 强烈暗示本文的立场 and seldom do we see that they play simple toys, such as the LEGO or jigsaw puzzles, or that they play outdoors with their peers. This is a pity.

　　Body

　　论证套路：承认我的反方可能的advantage → The opponents may try to convince parents and teachers of the benefits of video games in promoting children’s intellectual development. They may make the case that the complexity of the games– the designs or plots–spurs thinking. Admittedly, in many of the games, children may need to think vigorously to comprehend the intricate relationships between the characters, and this may be when their intelligence develops. 同时发现这个advantage对应的disadvantage → However, a complicated story of a game may have few blanks, and children are therefore deprived of the opportunity to use their imagination. 这个disadvantage对应着我方的advantage → In fact, the imaginative mind is stimulated when children play simple toys. For example, children, with their imagination and creativity unrestrained, may use the LEGO blocks to build a great variety of things. They may construct a hospital, a fire station, a motorcycle, or aircraft that no one else could think about.

　　福利：“驳论”是GRE写作的具体指令要求之一。

　　论证套路：考虑我的反方可能持有的观点或采用的说辞 → To dispel the anxiety of many parents, proponents of modern technologies may argue that the games and devices will not disable children’s emotional or social functions because the social contexts created by the technology are highly similar to the real-life situations. 同时发现这个说辞的flaw → At this point, could those concerned parents be convinced? They may not be. (措辞技巧：设问，语气强于陈述。) There remains a critical discrepancy between the virtual context and the real one. 举例去illustrate这个critical discrepancy → For example, many children are found to have the dysfunction in their interaction with people who are physically present (定语从句有强调定语的作用), particularly when the people are the opposite sex. 这个critical flaw对应着我方的advantage → In fact, it is only when children are physically together with their peers that their emotion and sociability develop properly. The outdoor play time in which children are physically present creates the chance for the emotions to be communicated, understood and exchanged without the screen as the obstacle or masque. Having the chance is essential in children’s emotional development.

　　福利：“驳论”是GRE写作的具体指令要求之一。

　　如果有三个理由，那么两大(篇幅长)一小(篇幅小)，或者两小(篇幅小)一大(篇幅长)。In addition, although technology enables children to exercise indoors, outdoor activities are more desirable/preferable, because the ceilings and wallsconfine children. The outdoor is the best playground for children to act out their wills, desires, and ideas.

　　Conclusion

　　Fortunately, today can be just like the old times, because the LEGO and jigsaw puzzles are still available. For better development of the brain and of the character, children should play simple toys or be outside with their friends.

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