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Question

2025年9月21日托福学术讨论真题

Your professor is teaching a class on society. Write a post responding to the professor's question. In your response, you should do the following:

-Express and support your opinion.

-Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

An effective response will contain at least 100 words

Doctor Gupta

This week we are discussing labor shortages. That’s when there are more jobs in the economy than there are qualified people to fill those jobs. During a labor shortage, companies have to compete with one another to attract people to work for them. In your online discussion, please explain what you think companies can do to make themselves more attractive to potential employees?

Andrew

I think one thing that makes a company attractive is location. When companies choose a location for a facility, they should think about whether it’s a place that employees want to be. For example, locating a workplace in a big city where there are lots of shops and entertainment options could be a good way to attract new employees.

Claire

It might sound unimportant at first, but I have heard of companies that provide their employees with a variety of food options in their facility. These companies don’t just have a cafeteria; they also provide coffee bars and free snack stations for their employees to make working there more enjoyable. I think this also makes employees feel appreciated. 

范文正文

Apart from what Andrew and Claire mentioned, I believe an attractive company should show greater respect for its employees. Today, many enterprises operate under the law of the jungle, characterized by cutthroat competition and labor exploitation, which often urges employees to work excessively overtime.【过去分词作定语+定语从句】 Such a workplace is far from appealing. In contrast, a company that values its staff by offering higher salaries, ample rest time, and a string ofperks would be unparalleled in the modern business world. For example, Pang Donglai (PDL), a supermarket chain that has become the most talked-about and revered retail brand in China, is now the most attractive company in the country’s retail industry.【同位语+定语从句】 Its founder, Yu Donglai, puts employees above profit, and provides them with significantly higher wages than any other supermarket in China. He even offers “unhappy leave” to support workers’ emotional well-being, making his company an authentically happy workplace. It is reported that recently, over 100 candidates competed for a single position at PDL.【主语从句】 Therefore, I am convinced that a business that respects its employees can be more attractive.

写作思路和特色

这道题是2025年9月21日的托福学术讨论真题。题目中，教授问两位学生，企业应该采取什么措施使其更具吸引力，让更多应聘者来工作？Andrew认为公司的选址很重要，在大城市里，周围有很多商店和娱乐设施的公司，就会比较吸引新员工。而Claire认为，公司应该为员工提供各种餐饮选择，其目的是提高员工的工作体验感，让他们感到被重视。

本文采取了“总论点+对比论证+举例论证+总结”的写作结构。文章首句提出总论点“一家有吸引力的公司应该对其员工展现出更大的尊重”。接下来，文章先陈述了当前社会中的一些公司的常见弊病，比如竞争激烈、加班文化盛行，并总结道，“这样的工作并不吸引人”。相比之下，一家重视员工的公司，表现为有更高的薪资、充足的休息时间、更多的福利，就容易在当下的就业环境中脱颖而出。在对比论证之后，文章进一步给出关于“胖东来”的例子。这家连锁超市已成为中国话题度和最受尊重的零售品牌，也是中国零售行业中吸引力的公司。相比于得到更多利润，创始人于东来更重视员工，为他们提供极富竞争力的工资。他甚至提供“委屈假”，让员工能开心工作。这些都使他的公司成为一个让人真正开心的工作场所。那么，这家公司采取的这些措施是否让它更受欢迎呢？据报道，最近有超过100名应聘者竞争胖东来的一个职位。文章最后总结道，因此，一家尊重员工的企业可能会更具吸引力。

本题的话题比较常规，不难形成切题的观点和思路。本文提到的“胖东来”的例子比较典型，适合作为相关话题的素材积累。

用词用语整理

the law of the jungle n. 丛林法则

例句：

We hope for a world where the rule of law, not the law of the jungle, governs the conduct of nations.

我们期盼一个以法律制度而不是丛林法则来规范各国行为的世界。

cutthroat adj. 激烈的，残酷无情的，不择手段的

相关搭配：cutthroat competition 激烈的竞争

exploitation n. 开发利用；剥削

例句：

The ruthless exploitation of the world’s resources is rapidly destroying our planet.

对世界资源的无情开采正在迅速破坏我们的星球。

Marx wrote about the exploitation of the workers.

马克思著书论述了工人受剥削的情况。

a string of n. 一系列，一连串

例句：

He had a string of top-20 hits during the 80s.

80年代，他创作了一系列进入排行榜前20名的作品。

perk n. （因工作而享有的）补贴，津贴，额外待遇

例句：

A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job.

这份工作的一些额外待遇包括配备公车和移动电话。

unparalleled adj. 无双的，无比的，空前的

例句：

The country is facing a crisis unparalleled since the Second World War.

这个国家目前面对的是一个自二战以来前所未有的危机。

revered adj. 尊敬的，尊崇的

例句：

some of the country’s most revered institutions

这个国家的一些最受尊崇的机构

authentically adv. 真诚地，真挚地

例句：

He has authentically been listening to the people.

他一直在认真倾听人民的意见。

【过去分词作定语+定语从句】

Today, many enterprises operate under the law of the jungle, characterized by cutthroat competition and labor exploitation, which often urges employees to work excessively overtime. 

这是一个结构严谨的复杂句，其主干清晰，并通过非谓语动词和从句进行扩展。这句话的主句是“Today, many enterprises operate under a law of the jungle.”后面的“characterized by cutthroat competition and labor exploitation”是一个过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的“the law of the jungle”。它的作用是解释这个“丛林法则”的具体特征是什么。接下来的定语从句指出了这种运营模式所导致的一个具体后果，也就是迫使员工过度加班。

这种结构使得句子信息密度高，逻辑层次分明，有效地在一个句子里表达了原因、特征和结果。在用词上，如“the law of the jungle”、“cutthroat competition”等也非常且正式，符合高分托福作文的要求。

【同位语+定语从句】

For example, Pang Donglai (PDL), a supermarket chain that has become the most talked-about and revered retail brand in China, is now the most attractive company in the country’s retail industry.

这个句子的语法结构精巧，通过“主语+同位语+定语从句”的模式，在一个句子中高效传递了多层信息。句子的主干部分是一个主系表句型“Pang Donglai (PDL) is now the most attractive company in the country’s retail industry.”（胖东来是这个国家的零售业中最有吸引力的公司）接着给出同位语，解释说明胖东来的身份“a supermarket chain”（一家连锁超市）。同位语中又嵌套了一个定语从句“that has become the most talked-about and revered retail brand in China”（这家超市已成为中国最受热议和尊敬的零售品牌），描述了这家公司当前的声望。这种将背景信息嵌入主语之后的结构，避免了使用多个简单句的啰嗦，使行文紧凑、信息量大且逻辑流畅，是高分英语写作中常用的技巧。

【主语从句】

It is reported that recently over 100 candidates competed for a single position at PDL.

这句话使用了It作形式主语的主语从句，是在分析了胖东来采取的策略之后，通过具体数据来证明策略的有效性，即这个公司的确吸引了大量人才应聘。属于是在社会事例之后增加了数据作例子，进一步提高了说服力。

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