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Question

Your professor is teaching a class on business. Write a post responding to the professor’s question. In your response, you should do the following:

-Express and support your opinion.

-Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Dr. Gupta

We’ve been discussing various leadership styles in business management. Some leaders are known for their authoritative approach, making decisions independently and expecting compliance from their team. Others prefer a collaborative approach, involving team members in decision-making and encouraging feedback. Which leadership style do you think is more effective in a business setting? Why?

Claire

I believe a collaborative leadership style is more effective in a business setting. Involving team members in decision-making can foster a sense of team cohesion. This feeling tends to produce better results, in terms of both quantity and quality.

Paul

I think an authoritative leadership style is typically more effective. It ensures clear guidance from one person, which can be helpful to all others in high-pressure situations when interactions may require a more nuanced approach.

范文正文

I believe both styles can be effective under different situations. Claire is right when she claims collaboration enhances team cohesion【时间状语从句】, and Paul correctly notes that authoritative leadership provides clear direction. Actually, an authoritative leader is more effective during a crisis, such as a financial emergency, which demands quick, decisive actions from a single leader.【定语从句】 For example, Howard Schultz, the CEO of Starbucks in 2008 when the company was struggling, can be a case in point. He made bold decisions to refocus on coffee quality and suspended breakfast sandwich sales. These top-down decisions were controversial at first but ultimately saved Starbucks from decline. However, for long-term projects like product development, involving team members when making decisions generates better ideas. Google is a strong advocate of collaborative leadership, and it famously allowed employees to spend 20% of their work time on personal projects. This bottom-up approach led to the creation of Gmail and Google News. This collaborative style of leadership has promoted a culture of continuous innovation in Google. Therefore, effective leaders should be flexible: they should adopt an authoritative style when time is limited and a collaborative style when innovation is needed. Ultimately, choosing a more appropriate style of leadership is more important than strictly following one approach.

写作思路和特色

这道题是2026年3月29日的托福学术讨论真题。课上，教授与两个学生探讨商业管理中的各种领导风格的问题。一些领 导者更喜欢使用权 威式管理。他们会独立做出决策，期望团队成员服从；另一些领 导者则会采用协作式管理，让团队成员参与决策过程并鼓励他们提出反馈意见。教授问两名学生，在商业环境中，哪种领导风格更有效？Claire认为协作式风格更好，因为能增强团队凝聚力；而Paul则认为权 威性的领导风格更有效，因为指令更明确。

本文采取了分情况讨论的写法。文章的结构是“总论点+立场1的解释和举例+立场2的解释和举例+总结”。题目中并没有对公司的类型和行业、公司所处的情况做任何限制，因此我们可以分成两种不同情况分别论述。第 一种情况是当公司处于危机之中，那就需要一个能快速做出有效决策的领 导者带领公司走出危机。例子是将星巴克从危机中挽救回来的霍华德·舒尔茨。然而，对于一些长期的产品研发，公司可以让员工参与决策，因为这样能带来更多有创意的想法。例如谷歌就允许员工花费20%的工作时间来完成自己的项目，这给谷歌公司带来了很多好的产品创意，比如Gmail和Google News等。文章最后总结并给出建议：应该根据不同情况选择合适的领导风格，而非坚持选择某一种风格。

这道题与企业发展和工作话题有关，可能对部分考生来说比较陌生。本文提供了两个立场的观点和写作素材，尤其是双方的相关例子，可以帮助考生更快形成自己的写作思路和内容。

用词用语整理

【时间状语从句】

Claire is right when she claims collaboration enhances team cohesion.

这句话使用了时间状语从句来提出Claire的观点，即“Claire提出的观点是正确的，协作能提高团队凝聚力”。很多同学在表达同样意思时，会写成“I agree with Claire’s viewpoint that collaboration enhances team cohesion.”这句话也是一种不错的表达，但本文使用的句型“sb is right when he/she claims that …”能更好地体现学术讨论所需要的客观性，语气更委婉严谨；这句话还巧妙地将个人观点包装成了对事实的评价，在学术写作中显得更成熟、更有说服力。

【定语从句】

Actually, an authoritative leader is more effective during a crisis, such as a financial emergency, which demands quick, decisive action from a single leader.

这句话使用了定语从句，为主句的观点提供更多支持性细节。主句提出“权 威型领导在应对危机时更有效”，接下来需要给出解释，比如什么危机（a crisis）、为什么更有效等。后半句使用的定语从句详细解释了原因：危机时需要有人能快速拍板、力挽狂澜。较好地体现出议论文写作所需的从概括到具体的逻辑性。

【分词短语】

decisive adj. 果断的，干脆的，有决断力的

例句：

a decisive reply

干脆的回答

refocus v. 改变……的重点（或方向）

例句：

Refocus one’s life

改变生活方式

He is trying to refocus the company on its oil and gas operations, and sell unrelated businesses.

他正试图将公司的重点重新聚焦于其石油和天然气业务上，并出售那些与主营业务无关的业务。

top-down adj. 自上而下进行的，专制的

例句：

Top-down control

自上而下的控制

advocate n. 拥护者，提倡者

例句：

An advocate of early rising

主张早起的人

bottom-up adj. 自下而上的

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